State & Local Politics / Book Review : A 5 page overview of the book titled "State and Local Politics" by Robert S. Lorch. The book is breifly discussed chapter by chapter with deatils here an there. The point is made that state governments are essential to ensure that the country runs smoothly for the needs of everyone cannot be met by the federal government alone. No additional sources cited. Statelo.wps

Funding Small Recreational Facilities : A 5 page paper discussing newer ways through which the small recreational facility can find funding. In budget-cutting times, those wishing to either create new recreational opportunities or enhancing those already in existence increasingly are faced with the need to take a more creative view of the issue of funding. Funding for small recreational facilities is by no means dead, but neither does it exist in the same forms it did only a few years ago. The private sector is increasingly called upon to finance and even construct some of the facilities from which they will benefit. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Smallrec.wps

Revenues vs. State and Local Tax Reform-- An Overview : A 10 page essay on some of the effects of unthinking tax levies of state and local governments in their desperate attempts to increase their revenues. With an extreme lack of forward-thinking, many state and local governments attempt to have businesses bear the brunt of their budget deficiencies for the short-term without thinking through the long-range implications. Connecticut is used as an example: the state doesn’t have exhorbitant tax rates for its businesses, but many families are finding that their best option is that of leaving the state, and Bridgeport, Connecticut’s most formerly-industrialized city, now claims the lowest-priced existing industrial real estate in the country. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Taxrefo.wps

An Argument for the Legalization of Gambling in Michigan :
A well-written 5 page essay arguing for the legalization of casino gambling in the state of Michigan (argument can be applied almost anywhere). A number of sound socio-economic reasons are presented and supported by statistical data. Counter-arguments concerning the morality of gambling are addressed effectively. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Gambmich.wps

Economics of Casino Gambling : An 8 page overview of the economic considerations of legalized gaming casinos for state and local governments, including increases in tax revenues, increases in crime and other social problems related to gambling. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Casnoecn.wps

Legalization of Gambling in New York State : An 11 page paper arguing that New York State should indeed take the final step to fully-legalized casino gambling. The state has operated the lottery since 1967, boasting that they profit more than a billion dollars each year from it. Off-track betting has been legal since 1971, yet legislators resist legalizing casino gambling on "moral" grounds, citing the 1.2% of the country’s general population who are compulsive gamblers. The Indian tribe commonly known as the Mohawks (the Oneida Nation) have had a highly successful casino in operation since 1993, breathing new life into a severely depressed area. Most of upstate New York is farm country, with little attraction for tourists, but the experience of the Oneida Indians shows that people all over the state are interested in legal gaming: more than 7,000 appeared on the casino’s opening day. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Gamble.wps

Drug Testing In New York State : A 5 page paper analyzing the debate on the implementation of drug testing policies at the school, governmental, and private-sector levels. The writer concludes that the legal risks and ramifications of drug testing must be weighed against the practice’s potential benefits. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Nydrug.wps

Unions in New York State : An overview of the formation of unions in the country and its relevance today is discussed in this 6 page paper. Particular emphasis is placed on unions which exist in New York State's public sector throughout the paper. Specific examples are included. The differences between public and private sector unions are also examined. Bibliography included. Unions.doc

Mario Cuomo / An Example of Public Morality & Private Conscience :
8 pages in length. Largely a political/religious discussion, the writer examines NY Governor Cuomo's address to the Catholic Bishops at Notre Dame University (took place in September of 1994). The governor's focus had been upon the issues of abortion and how it relates to both church and state-- with specific regard to the fact that he, himself, is a Catholic. It was stated by Cuomo, that the problem of abortion was simple: It was a private-Catholic/public-pluralist position. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Cuomo.wps

Senator Alfonso D'Amato : A 5 page essay exploring the NY Senator's record on issues such as crime and welfare reform. The Senator's constituency is described, the committees on which he sits are listed, and the power this one Senator exercises is discussed. As Chairman of the Senate Bank Committee, D'Amato is able to wield a significant amount of influence when seeking campaign contributions for himself and other Republican candidates. In his third term, Senator D'Amato has been a definite force in the halls of Congress. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Damato.wps

New York City's "Tenant Movement" : On April 1, 1904, NY's "tenant unions" & organizations went on strike-- refusing to pay rent until their demands were met. In this 12 page research paper, the writer details specific "battles" of the Tenant Movement-- relevant situations, and their outcomes. An overview of 20th century history and the continuing struggle for tenant's rights in New York is presented, as are the efforts of various organizations such as the New York State Tenant and Neighborhood Coalition (NYSTNC). The cases provided demonstrate that when workers' real wages are squeezed by inflation or depression, in addition to conflicts at the point of production, responses occur at household level in the form of struggles in the reproductive sphere (demands for rent reductions, etc.). Bibliography lists 10 sources. Tenantmv.wps

Solid Waste Management / Disposal vs Recycling New York : This 11 page paper looks at the use of landfills as a major problem in the Northeast. Recycling is discussed in detail as an effective method to handle solid waste. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Garbage.doc

Staten Island - The Economics of Sanitation : The financial feasibility of closing the Fresh Kills landfill in Staten Island, New York is discussed in this 5 page paper. A task force which studied the realities of closing this infamous garbage dump, in 1996, is referenced. Alternatives, such as recycling, are also discussed. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Frshkils.wps

Public Transportation In New York City : The evolution of public transportation in New York City is described in this 12 page paper. The writer covers various issues, problems, and other matters that have confronted the city’s public transportation department .. examining how some of those still persist today. Bibliography lists17 sources. Nyctrans.wps

New York City Transit / An Investigation Of Bus Service : This 25 page paper looks at the New York City Transit System, with a focus on its bus service. An original study is included which focuses on complaints regarding bus service. Two bus lines were selected and explored in detail, one from Manhattan and the other from Brooklyn. The conclusion reveals that the more upscale Manhattan communities do get better service than their Brooklyn neighbors. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Nyc.wps

State Support Against Abuse : A 4 page review of recent changes in state law regarding child, domestic, and elderly abuse. The paper provides statutes for New York and California laws in regards to all forms of domestic violence and elderly fraud, and discusses other state statutes enacted. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Abuse.wps

Boston’s Green Line Subway / Controversy Over Its Continued Use : In this 10 page research paper, the writer explores one of Boston's oldest subway lines. Specifically examined are the social and economic issues concerning its maintenance. Central to this discussion is an analysis of whether or not the Green Line Subway should continue to be operated in today’s modern Boston. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Greenlin.wps

At-Will Employment In California : A 14 page essay on the legal doctrine which states that employers can dismiss employees for any reason at any time, and, conversely, that employees can quit for any reason and at any time. This paper examines exceptions which have been made and at the current rash of ‘‘wrongful discharge’’ lawsuits which are slowly changing this doctrine as it applies in the U.S. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Atwilemp.rtf

California & Migration : A 10 page historic discussion of migration to the state of California and the reasons people have chosen this particular region to live. Focus is on Spanish life and struggle in California's cities from the 16th through the 18th centuries. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Calimigr.wps

Immigration & The State of California : 11 pages in length. Paper deals with the issues of immigration as it relates to Californian socio-politics. Discussed are the elements of labor, education, etc; Proposition 187 is frequently mentioned..The writer acknowledges the problems associated with immigration but maintains that Proposition 187 is not the way to solve them. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Caliimmi.wps

Proposition 187 / Controversy & Hypocrisy : 8 pages in length. An insightful look at the sociopolitical controversy over California's Proposition 187 in which the writer highlights a number of exemplary cases and arguments to ultimately conclude that a nation built by immigrants, with a promise of an open door and opportunity for all only inherently contradicts itself when it closes educational doors to the children of illegal immigrants. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Prop187.wps

Illegal Immigrants in California : A 5 page paper discussing the problems that surround California and the issue of illegal immigrants from Mexico. There are many financial burdens placed upon California as a result of the many illegals coming across the border. Hypothetical situations are examined and the impact they may have between now and the year 2010. What is the worst result possible? What is the best? What if little is done and things remain neutral? These are the issues addressed. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Calimm.wps

Legalizing the California Ferret : A 7 page paper arguing for the legalization of domestic ferrets in the state of California. Argument paper listing 3 sources in bibliography. Ferret.wps

Reconstitution In San Francisco Education : A 7 page paper that provides an overview of the process of Reconstitution in the San Francisco Unified School District and suggests the reasons behind the decision of District Superintendent Rojas to reduce its use. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Reconst.wps

Wild Boar Habitation & Mount Diablo California : A 7 page paper that presents the issues of wild boar habitation on the Diablo Range, especially Mount Diablo, in central California. This paper presents the issues relative to vegetation destruction caused by the wild boar and suggests a number of ways in which to address these issues to support environmental efficacy. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Wildboar.wps

The Juaneno's Indians vs. The California Government : In this 10 page paper, the writer documents the historic struggle of the Juaneno Indians-- a group battling for recognition and granting of tribal status from the California State Government. Going all the way from the 18th century through modern times, the paper concentrates mostly on why recognition is so important and how badly the State Government has wronged these people. An overview of the common legal "requirements" for tribal recognition is provided as well. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Nativeind.wps

Urban Re-Development In Sacremento : A 6 page research paper investigating the book written as a follow-up report to the urban re-development project in Sacramento. A contrast is made between specific elements in the original plan vs. the follow-up report vs. residents' letters to the editor. Bibliography is included. Urbansch.wps

Government in Gainesville / Greater Representation of Minorities : An 8 page paper that provides an overview of the elements that have impacted a shift in minority activity in local and state government represented in Gainesville, and demonstrates this same change in much of the state of Florida. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Gainvill.wps

Driving Age Should Be Raised In Florida : 10 pages in length. The author argues that the legal driving age should be raised in Florida. It is posited that America is a country where car crashes kill more than 5,000 15 to 20 year olds than any other cause. Bibliography lists 16 sources. Drivage.wps

The History of the Florida Panther : A 14 page paper that provides an overview of the history of the Florida panther. This paper looks at the social and political issues relative to the decline in panther populations in Florida and outlines current means for reintroduction and habitat preservation options. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Panther.wps

Alligator Control In Florida : Florida’s citizens are more greatly threatened by alligators than citizens anywhere else. In this 5 page report, the writer discusses dangers to humans, to the alligators themselves, and the overall ecological benefit of keeping alligators alive and thriving in the state of Florida. Bibliography lists approximately 10 sources. Alligato.wps

Competitive Problems in Port Jacksonville, Florida : A 5 page paper on Port Jacksonville, Florida (an area with many specially designed facilities tailored specifically for the automobile trade) and the problems that it faced during the early and mid-1990's as a result of increased competition between cities and states. The writer analyzes Port Jacksonville's competitive environment and makes determinations about its not-so-bright future. It is realized that the socioeconomic make-up of the entire region depends on this one port city and consequently, recommendations are made for improvement. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Portjack.wps

High Crime Rate In South Florida / Little Effect on Tourism : In 10 pages the author discusses how the high crime rate in South Florida has very little effect on tourism. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Florcrim.wps

Trade Relations Between Brazil & South Florida : A 6 page paper discussing the relationship between southern Florida and Brazil for the purposes of trade. South Florida ports are the closest point of entry for ships originating in Brazil, but there are other forces at work. Florida intends to build its port business as much as possible, and Brazil is the most likely candidate in the Western Hemisphere. It has grown in this century more than any other country in the world, and it is officially listed as a Big Emerging Market, putting it on par with India and China in potential, if not in volume. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Brazilfl.doc

Should the Confederate Flag Be Taken Down From the State Capitol in South Carolina? : In 5 pages the author discusses whether the Confederate flag should be taken down from the state capitol in South Carolina. The author posits that the flag should not be taken down, because it is tradition, heritage, and a symbol of bravery in battle. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Conflag.wps

Environmental Problems In The Chesapeke Bay Area : Population growth and water pollution is studied and causes for the resulting problems are sought. Several environmental theories are explored regarding population in this 7 page analysis. Maryland population statistics are used and demographics are considered in comparison with national data. Current trends are noted. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Chespeak.wps

The Retail Gasoline Industry in The United States / Focus on Maryland : A 10 page paper presenting an overview of the retail gasoline market. Laws and regulations are examined, as are taxation, profitability, brand names and costs of a typical gas station. A special emphasis is directed on the petroleum industry and the issues affecting it in Maryland. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Gasoln.wps

Mayor Marion Barry : A 5page essay on the political career of the controversial Washington, D.C. mayor including biographical information. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Maribary.wps

The Mississippi Sovereignty Commission : A 12 page research paper on the creation, functions activities and demise of the Commission during the Civil Rights era . The writer details the purposes of the Commission, its overt and covert activities to sustain the racial status quo, and the litigation surrounding its demise. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Commissi.wps

Fighting the Feds for Public Land in New Mexico : 4 pages in length.
A heartfelt look at the controversy in New Mexico over defiance of Federal land sanctions. The people of this state made national news when they banded together to literally fight the government for their right to maintain public lands. A good overview of the movement, its seriousness, and its importance to people of this region is provided. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Newmexla.wps

Tennessee Valley Authority : A 6 page paper on the TVA that explores the political forces behind its establishment, its mission statement, and how the TVA cultivates customers through community involvement. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Tva.wps

Charity Care : 12 pages on charity care based largely upon the writer's own experience as an intern for the New Jersey State Legislature's 20th District. Various socio-political issues such as non-profit claims and taxes are examined both objectively and subjectively. A bibliography lists 4 sources. Charcar.wps

Municipal Demographics / Montclair, NJ : A 6 page paper on the town of Montclair, New Jersey (typical suburbia) in which the writer address the municipality's key demographics including : population, distribution of wealth, education, geography, political economy, current events, and more. Bibliography lists 3+ sources. Montcla2.wps

"Drug Free School Zone" Laws / A Socio-Legal Analysis : 7 pages in length. In New Jersey, as well as in a few other states, laws providing enhanced penalties for drug offenses occurring near schools have become quite popular. Through sociological analysis, the writer discusses how these laws came to pass out of custom, social need, etc; A conclusive evaluation determines that the law's impact has not been what was originally intended and that more than anything, "Drug Free School Zone" laws have only created a new avenue for aggressive plea-bargaining. Key terms and concepts are defined. No Bibliography. Socilaw.wps

Juvenile Delinquency In New Jersey : A 9 page paper on the growing problem of juvenile delinquency in our society. It gives some insight into the history of our prison system, and talkes about some of the concerns and possible solutions to this manacing problem facing our nation. The focus of the paper is on New Jersey's youth crime problem, but it also discusses some state laws, and federal programs in other parts of the country as well. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Njjuvy.wps

Megan's Law & The Privacy of Convicted Sex Offenders : 14 in-depth, comprehensive pages analyzing Megan's Law-- a model (and quite controversial) NJ statute which mandated that neighbors be notified when a child sex offender moves into their community. Writer examines the relevance of Megan's Law to similar Federal law and assesses both sides of the argument in this matter. The practicality and constitutionality of Megan's Law are evaluated based upon existing case law and landmark Supreme Court decision. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Megan.wps

Controversy In Texas - Should The Concealed Handgun Law Be Repealed ? : A 9 page essay on the controversial concealed handgun law in which the writer discusses stories from both sides of the issues. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Handgun.wps

Capital Punishment In Texas : A 8 page essay that traces the history of Texas capital punishment from the frontier-style lynchings which characterized its beginnings, through the use of the electric chair, to its current use of lethal injection. It also shows statistics on the inequalities that have existed in the system. Bibliography lists nine sources . Texcap.wps

Criminal Punishment In Texas : In 5 pages, the author discusses the issue of criminal punishment in Texas. Texas is found to maintain especially harsh punishments. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Crimtexa.wps

How Does the Office Of U.S. Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison Serve the People of Texas? : This 15 page report review the function of a U.S. Senator’s office, its purpose, function, and structure. In specific, the report looks at Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison and her role in service to both the people of Texas and the rest of the citizens of the U.S.A. Bibliography lists 13 sources. Texaso.wps

Death Penalty in Utah / A Matter of Choice : A 5 page paper discussing Utah's death penalty. The writer explores the controversies and looks at specific cases. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Psdeathp.wps

Louisiana Gun Laws : A 7 page essay on handgun laws in the state of Louisiana which examines the controversy which surrounds this issue. Both sides' arguments are presented as this paper tells of the most current skirmishes in a battle to see which will eventually take precedence--an individual's right to self protection or safety issues. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Louisian.wps

Collecting Parking Fines In The State Of New Jersey : A 5 page paper exploring the problem of collecting parking fines in the state of New Jersey. Information related to the problem is discussed as are solutions various cities have instituted. Recommendations are made as to possible alternative to correct the problem. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Par.wps

An Argument To Raise N.J.'s Speed Limit to 65 M.P.H. : New Jersey is one of few states in the U.S. that still enforces a maximum speed limit of 55 miles per hour. This 2 page essay first looks at some of the reasons why NJ lawmakers are reluctant to change and then provides an argument for them to reconsider based upon statistical data & information from other states where raised speed limits have actually reduced driver-related problems & fatalities ! Bibliography lists 3 sources. Speedlim.wps

New Jersey's Court System -- Examined at Every Level : New Jersey's court system is very much like that of most states in the U.S.A. and this 5 page paper examines precisely how it is broken down. Discussed are the State Superior Court's Law Division, municipal court proceedings, the sentencing power of judges at each level, the role of Grand Juries, and the discretionary power of prosecutors to propose plea-bargains. Bibliography lists 3 sources. Njcourts.wps

(The) Executive Branch of Government : Approximately 6 pages describing the role and function of the New Jersey government's executive branch. Excellent for those studying government & politics as well as related topics. Bibliography lists 4+ sources. Execbran.wps

The NJ Senate Race -- Straying From Party-Centered Politics : An 10 page essay on the 1994 Senate race in which the writer argues that the year was actually a turning point in which the emphasis on party politics began to change and candidates remained focused upon emphasizing their own individual ideals. Two New Jersey candidates are compared to each other thought this analysis (Hatayaian vs. Lautenberg). Bibliography lists 5 sources. Senaterc.wps

Senator Lautenberg Runs For Re-Election / NJ Politics : A 10 page research paper on NJ Senator Lautenberg and his campaign for re-election in 1994. The writer describes the candidate's background, issues, PACs, and relevance of Federal politics to State elections. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Senaterc3.wps

The Camden Plan : A 7 page paper introducing the immediate and long-term problems facing Camden today (a poverty-stricken city in Southwestern New Jersey). The paper provides a detailed report and statistics on the city's plan to make changes not only to help their homeless and housing situations, but also recommended changes to government processes. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Camden.wps

Town Meeting / Analytical Reflections : In this 6 page essay, the writer re-caps events and issues covered at a local town meeting they attended. Issues in public administration, roles of municipal executives, and various procedural functions are all included in the discussion. Town budget information, tax issues, and more are covered. No bibliography. Townmeet.wps

Town Meeting / Community Issues : 6 pages in length. This report covers the topics of a municipal township meeting and some of the key issues raised concerning youths and the community, police work, and budgeting concerns. The writer points out how especially concerned members present were about tax-related issues. No bibliography. Townmet2.wps

Gas Pipeline : A 7 page research paper on how laws, political and legal actions, and resources all come together in the gas and pipeline industries. The writer provides information on Montana, North Dakota and briefly outlines the legal and political ramifications of the Exxon oil spill. A computerized pipeline surveillance and operating system is also reviewed. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Gaspipe.wps

Amy Klobuchar and "Uncovering the Dome" / Inter-Governmental Politics : A 6 page paper that reviews Klobuchar's book and describes the political elements that impacted the creation of the Metrodome in Minneapolis during the early 1980s. The writer demonstrates Klobuchar's concerns for public policy actions and public perceptions based upon the influences of wealthy business owners and politicians. It is argued that public policy is often shaped as a response to the needs of those who have the most money rather than those who speak in opposition. No additional sources cited. Klobu.wps

Nuclear Waste Dumping & Yucca Mountain / Controversy : A 12 page paper on the controversy surrounding the U.S. government's plan to turn Yucca Mountain (Nevada) into the first large-scale nuclear waste "dumping ground." The writer explains the logic that went into the government's choice of location, and then presents the resistance from Nevada state residents. Environmental / scientific issues concerning Nevada's geology, the safety of waste burial, etc.; are discussed. The writer presents strong arguments as to why Yucca Mountain is indeed the only logical site for such a project and refutes arguments to the contrary. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Yucca.wps

National Elections Affect State Elections : A 7 page paper on the effects that one year's national elections may have on the following year's state election. The writer describes possible consequences for incumbent NJ governor, Christine Whitman. Bibliography cites 5 sources. Elctions.doc

Capone's Control of Chicago as a Metaphor of Government : A 5 page research paper on Al Capone's syndicate and its similarities to a government. The writer details each function of government and how Capone's organization paralleled it as a microcosm. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Capone.wps

Departmental Programs & Careers in Political Science : 11 pages on the Political Science department & programs at a specific Northeastern state college. The writer describes the school's relevant course work, available resources, careers in political science, and more. Several sources listed in bibliography. Poliscca.wps

Distributive & Regulatory Policy In State Government : A 5 page paper giving examples of distributive, redistributive, and regulatory policy in state government. Specific issues examined include the possibility of privatizing health care, the tightening of a state budget, and government-mandated policy in higher education. Bibliography lists 3 sources. Rdis3.wps

Distributive & Regulatory Policy In State Government # 2 : 6 pages comparing distributive, redistributive, and regulatory policy at the state government level. Specific examples of each are given including gun permit issues, public transportation, and welfare. Bibliography lists 3 sources. Rdispcy2.wps

Coal Mining & Appalachia -- Creating a New World : An 8 page paper on past history of coal mining/strip-mining and damage done to the land. This piece discusses the entrance of people all over globe, and how that community is rallying to "live at home" and "fix the land." The people and governments and coal mining companies are working together through re-education for new technologies and fixing the land to keep their home. Bibliography lists 12+ sources. Appalach.wps

"To Privatize Or Not To Privatize" / American Education Today : A 14 page research paper on the controversial issues surrounding privatizing education. The writer compares a failed 1990's-era effort between the city of Baltimore and the E.A.I. Company to what might possibly occur if privatizaion were to take place in their own smaller, northeastern city. The outcome of Baltimore's own example is assessed with relevance to economics and consequential student performance. Factors to look for in considering a privatization contract are listed and Baltimore's failed attempt is blamed upon poor budget analysis. Bibliography lists approximately 10 sources. Privatiz.wps

Rural Libraries / To Better Serve the Community... : An 18 page research project analyzing what rural libraries need to better serve their communities in the Information Age. In addition to in-library research, the writer also conducted a survey (a FREE copy is included !) to determine the desires of rural citizens and what they would be willing to do or pay in order to help make their 'wants' turn into realties. Discussed are various programs throughout the rural United States that have enjoyed success from fund-raising, privatization, increased community involvement, and the provision of free Internet access to library patrons. Bibliography references approximately 8 sources. Librarie.wps

Electric Utility Deregulation : A 15 page paper discussing the macroeconomic effects of deregulation of the domestic electric utility industry. Discusses the impact to large-scale users, as well as individual consumers, how deregulation will affect the utility companies themselves in terms of profitability, and the impact of deregulation in commodities trading. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Elecutil.wps

Deregulation Of The Electric Utility Industry : 7 pages in length. The time for electric utility deregulation has arrived. Welcomed after decades of tight monopoly, businesses and residential consumers alike are looking forward to the opportunity of choosing their own utility provider and enjoying decreased rates. There are drawbacks to the plan, however, as there usually are with most two-sided situations. The writer addresses the proposed deregulation and discusses how it will impact the public. Extensive bibliography included. Dregu.wps

Deregulation’s Effect On Small Market Radio : A 5 page paper on the effects of deregulation’s potential in a rural Pennsylvania market that includes 3 FM stations owned by the same group. Radio is one of the few things that is still a growth market after having been in existence for so many years. Rather than declining, its increase is assumed to be because of its ability to blend with other activities that are competitive with other media forms, such as television and the Internet. Radio is still the choice of commuters and is one of the few things that can be simultaneous with other, competing, activities. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Radio.wps

Effects Of Acid Rain On Mid-Atlantic Trout Fishing : A 7 page paper on trout fishing in the mid-Atlantic region. For years, the practice has played a vital role in the area's economy but man's own abuses have severely damaged the environment and killed off a significant amount of fish. The writer examines this problem, its occurrence, and how it occurs. The production of acid rain and how it disrupts the food web is of primary importance to this discussion. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Troutfis.wps

Book Reviews & Political Autobiographies : This 6 pages essay discusses book reviews on William Bugler's "While The Music Lasts, My Life in Politics." Bulger is a politician who fell into much controversy during the 1990's for his bold accusations and possible abuses. The writer of this essay attempts to weigh the good against the bad, analyzing the opinions of book reviewers and drawing relevant conclusion. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Polibook.wps

Book Review / Women in Politics : A 4 page review of former Vermont Governor Madeline M. Kunin's book entitled "Living a Political Life." The writer details experiences depicted by Kunin of working in a field that so few women have yet had the opportunity to-- Partivuaslr emotions, anxieties, and problems unique to female politicians are discussed. The primary source is cited in bibliography. Politlife.wps

Public Administrators And The Survival Of Community Hospitals : A 15 page paper in which the writer argues that public administrators can assist in the survivability of community hospitals in four ways: (1) helping the community hospitals contain their costs; (2) designing and participating in community awareness programs that seek to gain the confidence of the public in community hospitals and in community health services; (3) assist community hospitals seeking to affiliate and merge in ways that best serve the community; (4) maintain the focus on the community as a whole by working with larger institutions and smaller institutions to meet the focus of those businesses while serving the community. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Comhosp2.wps

Organized Crime In Chicago : This 12 page paper discusses organized crime as it existed in Chicago from its inception through Prohibition. Social ramifications are addressed as are the various causes and effects of Mafia and other organized crime behavior illustrated by the case of Chicago. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Orgcrime.wps

Organized Crime In the History of Chicago : A 6 page research paper which looks specifically at the Prohibition era and how Chicago was ruled by gangsters, bootleggers, and corrupt politicians at that time. This era ended when mobster Al Capone was finally arrested for tax evasion by "Untouchable" leader Elliott Ness. Bibliography lists 4 sources. HistChic.wps

Hawaii : A 6 page paper which discusses the state of Hawaii. A profile of Hawaii is given, along with political history, leadership, and key issues. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Hawaii.wps

Utah Wilderness : This 3 page report provides a very brief overview of the controversy surrounding the Utah wilderness issue. Bibliography lists 3 sources. Utah.doc

Douglas Yates / "The Ungovernable City" : A 5 page book review that outlines Yates' premise about the local governmental inadequacies that have resulted in the diminished capacity urban centers, including New York and New Haven. No additional sources cited. Yates.wps

Pierre Clavel / "The Progressive City" : A 5 page book review of Pierre Clavels work on progressive civic government during the 1970s and 1980s. No additional sources cited. Clavel.wps

Public Education In The State of Georgia : An 11 page paper outlining public education in the state of Georgia. Provides details on the number of school systems in Georgia, how they receive their funding and their success and failures in terms of academic achievement as guaged by student performance on the Georgia High School Graduation Tests (GHSGT) enacted by the Georgia Assembly in 1991. Identifies inconsistent and inadequate funding as one of the major determinants of academic failure. Bibliography lists nine sources including information from the National Center for Educational Statistics, the Georgia Department of Education, and the Atlanta Journal, among others. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Gaschool.wps

The Impact of Racism on City Government & Community Business : Increasingly, suburban communities that were once predominantly white are becoming more complex in their racial composition, and racial issues have become an element of city government and community business. This 16 page paper reflects on the scope of this problem, considers the impacts of racism, and relates this information in terms of government, businesses, the media and community decision making. Bibliography lists 16 sources. Govrace.wps

Alcoholic Beverage Control in Alaska : A 10 page overview of the laws affecting the possession and sale of alcoholic beverages in Alaska. Includes information regarding the history and current status of such laws and statistics regarding alcohol related injuries as well as information regarding "local option" the ability of individual communities to prohibit sale and possession of alcoholic beverages in their communities. Provides details regarding Burrow, one of the first Alaskan communities to implement their local option. Presents the contrast that although the Burrow prohibition appeared to translated into fewer alcohol-related incidences, the community elected to return to legalized sales after only one year of prohibition. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Abc.wps

Bluewater Sewage, Electrical, & Water Association (SEWA) : This 7 page paper examines the controversy surrounding a small community being pressured into "modernizing." Bibliography lists three sources. Sewage.wps

Did the U. S. Treat Germany & Japan Differently During WWII ? : In 5 pages the writer attempts to answer the question of whether the United States treated Germany and Japan differently during World War II. Actual warfare, public attitudes, propaganda, etc. are discussed. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Germtrea.wps

US Foreign Policy / Branch Perspective : A 10 page research essay on the U.S. form of government, focusing on the relationship between Congress and the Presidency since the 1960s. The writer explores arms sales policies and the wars in Grenada, Vietnam, Bosnia and Iraq in terms of presidential and congressional power as afforded by the Constitution and other policies. Bibliography lists 17 sources. Usgovpol.doc

U.S. Trade Agreements : A 5 page study of NAFTA and other U.S. trade agreements, expanding regionalism, the positive and negative effects of NAFTA, and ameliorating possibilities. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Prcnafta.doc

The "New World Order" : A 10 page examination of the concept of "new world order" and other terminologies used to describe the United States approach to foreign policy during various administrations. The Clinton concept of "enlargement democracy" is also discussed at some length. Bibliography lists seven sources. Worldord.wps

The American Presence in World War I / How the US Helped Win the War : A 10 page paper that provides an overview of the history surrounding the German surrender in World War I, and argues the thesis that the U.S. intervention of 1917 was the single factor that transformed the war. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Uswin.wps

The Reality Of American Imperialism : A 5 page paper that reviews presented evidence justifying American imperialism and demonstrates the way in which photographic evidence was manipulated to support imperialism in the Philipines. Amerimp.wps

American Imperialism In South America, Post 1945 : A 3 page paper that discusses the impacts and reasons behind US imperialism in South America after the end of World War II. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Amersa.wps

American Foreign Policy & The "Global Democracy" : A 3 page essay discussing why America’s stated, bipartisan statement that America should "bring democracy to the world" is an infringement on the rights of any group of people to determine, themselves, how they will be governed. Without the forcible acceptance of a foreign culture (ours), people are generally able to decide for themselves. Bibliography lists 2 sources. Globalde.wps

The American Policy Of Containment : An 8 page overview of the American policy of containment and foreign policy and how it relates to the policies of previous and subsequent administrations. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Containm.wps

Isolationism As American Foreign Policy : An 8 page paper on the issue of governmental non-intervention in regards to foreign affairs. Some history of America and its foundation of isolationism is noted. Isolationism is necessary. We, as a country should not interfere with the policies of another. The situations of Vietnam and Bosnia are highlighted as examples. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Isolat.wps

The Reagan - Bush Administrations / Policies Following the End of the Cold War : A 6 page exploration of the policies of the Ronald Reagan and George Bush Administrations during and the Cold War and following its end. Discusses the role of the United States in containing communism and in ending the Cold War. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Reaganbu.wps

The Role of the Military in Keeping International Peace : A 15 page paper exploring the role of the military in peacekeeping activities. Emphasizes policies relating to U.S. troops and includes information on NATO and the UN. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Milpeace.wps

Post-Cold War Leadership : A 9 page paper looking at the problems facing and the options available to the US in developing a national security policy following the collapse of the old Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact. There were lessons presented following World War I and World War II that must be remembered in formulating a new plan for the post-cold war era. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Postcold.wps

Conflict In The Post-Cold War Era / The Neorealists vs. Liberalist/ Idealists : A 20 page research paper that provides an overview of the issue of Post-Cold War conflict and the seeming contradiction evidence by neorealist and liberalist/idealist views regarding international relations. Bibliography list 12 sources. Postcold.DOC

NATO / The Role Of The United States : An 8 page overview of the history of NATO and the role of the United States. Stresses that the role of the U.S. in Europe and in NATO is critical to world peace. Bibliography lists 9 sources. NATOUSA.WPS

The Dayton Accord : A 10 page overview of the Dayton Accord, its history, implementation and current status. Stresses the importance of U.S. and NATO involvement. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Dayton.wps

Foreign Aid & Hunger : The subject of foreign aid is addressed in this 5 page paper which focuses on hunger around the world. Special attention is paid to the current problem in North Korea, as they face mass starvation due to recent flooding episodes. The paper supports U.S. foreign aid. Public opinion is noted as is the United States budget and its ability to help. Also cited are alternatives to handing out provisions. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Foreign.wps

Is Nationalism Pernicious ? : A 3 page paper that looks at the inherently pernicious nature of nationlism and the results that this has had in the now defunct Soviet Union as well as in the United States during the U.S. Civil War. In these two examples, warring factions based the development of the premise for war out of declarations of nationalism. Nationalism has led to divisions in the United States, and the breakdown of the entire political structure of the once USSR. Bibliography lists 2 sources. National.wps

The Concept Of National Security In Today’s World : A 3 page research paper relating Arnold Wolfer's concept that "national security it an ambiguous symbol" to today's world. The concept is valid only if we expand the definiton of "national security" to those issues of concern today, e.g., environment health. Bibliography included. Natisecu.wps

Canada and the United States: "Uneasy Bedfellows" : A 7 page research paper on whether America will overtake Canada with its cultural imperialism. The writer explains that Canada has improved economically, and has a national identity that will keep it separate. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Canadaus.wps

Cuba & Castro : Approximately 3 pages in length. Report discusses U.S.-Cuban Relations with emphasis on their relevance to Fidel Castro. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Cubacast.wps

U.S. Relations With Cuba Since The Monroe Doctrine : A 6 page research paper on how the history of these two nations has intertwined with the U.S. frequently playing a vital role in the Cuban government. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Uswcuba.wps

Cuba & The Normalization of Relations : A 7 page research paper in which the writer explains that we should normalize relations with Cuba because to do otherwise is unfair to American businesses who are eager to head over there. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Cubarela.wps

Socio - Political Theories Behind The Cuban Missile Crisis & Vietnam : Social and political theories attempt to explain motivations behind executive decision making in this 10 page paper. Highlighted are the decisions reached by President John F. Kennedy during the 1960's in the midst of the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Vietnam War. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Cubanam.wps

The American Invasion Of The Panama Canal (1989) : A 10 page paper that reflects upon the history of the Panama Canal leading up to the invasion, and also recognizes the implications of the invasion and treaties on the prospects for the future. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Panama.wps

Latin-American Foreign Policy During The Reagan Years : An article by Carothers on Latin American foreign policy is discussed in this 4 page analysis. Reag2.wps

U.S./ Puerto Rico Relations : A 5 page paper that discusses how Puerto Rico is an iconoclastic synthesis of two governments--the imposed U.S. government and the remnants of the Spanish commonwealth that were in effect at the time the U.S. assumed control of the island in 1898. The paper explores these issues in light of legislative and judiciary branches, and by differentiating taxation and entitlements between Puerto Rican citizens and U.S. citizens. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Puerto.wps

The Iraq Crisis : A 5 page opinion essay that expresses Clinton’s potentially doomed idea of getting public support for invasion of Iraq. The writer provides a factual background for the reasons that Clinton would want to pursue military action vs. his adversaries—the U.N., Saddam, and U.S. citizens. Bibliography included. Crisiraq.wps

The Vietnam War & American Foreign Policy : A 10 page paper that considers the history of American foreign policy and demonstrates how policy in Vietnam was actually influenced by policies of the past. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Vietfp.wps

U.S. 20th Century Involvement In Indochina : A 6 page research paper addressing the war in Indochina and the subsequent peace treaty. A brief background of the war and its costs are given with the major points of the peace agreement. Changes in foreign policy since Vietnam are discussed. Bibliography is included. Indochi.wps

The United States & Vietnam -- Normalized Relations At Long Last ! : In this 16 page research paper, the writer examines the formal normalization of trade between the U.S. and Vietnam-- announced during the mid 1990's. The years leading upto this monumental event are described, statistical figures are analyzed, and the writer presents some of the issues that lie ahead-- concerned with whether or not lingering resentment will lead to greater social strife between the people of these two countries. Issues and other challenges to successful normalization are assessed. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Vietnamr.wps

Palestinians, Reasons Behind Actions, & The Role Of The U.S. In the Problem : A 4 page essay that looks at the history and involvement of the United States in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Palest.doc

Ongoing U.S. Investment In India : A 6 page paper that proposes that based on the human resources available, the amount of resource support India needs to improve its infrastructure, and what the U.S. could learn from India's fast-moving economic growth and improvement, the United States should continue to invest resources in India. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Indiaecn.wps

US - Soviet Foreign Relations / 1972 - 1991 : A 9 page paper covering the years 1972-1991 in US-Soviet relations. Paper is divided into 3 parts: 1972-1979; 1980-1985; 1985-1991. Bibliography lists12 sources. Ussoviet.wps

U.S. - Russian Relations / After The Cold War : A 3 page research paper exploring the necessity for the Presidents of the United States and Russia to continue meeting despite the end of the Cold War. The recent summit focused on expanding NATO, which Russia opposes, and further arms agreements. Bibliography included. Natoruss.wps

(The) Cold War : A brief, yet comprehensive 4 page historical overview of the Cold War. Report touches upon the struggle over German, the Korean War, and Nuclear treaties. Bibliography contains 4 sources. Coldwar2.wps (*see various other sections for other Cold War papers !)

U.S. -- Central European Involvement : An 11 page paper discussing current US interest and policies for Central Europe--specifically Hungary, Poland and the Czech republic. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Ceneuro.wps

Diplomatic Immunity / Is there A Need To Rethink The Vienna Convention ? : A 60 page paper that provides an overview of diplomatic immunity as it applies within the United States and for United States citizens in other countries. This paper reflects upon cases against diplomats having committed crimes in the United States, reflects upon the history and purpose of diplomatic immunity, considers the problem of abuses and the benefits inherent in this system of legal exclusion from prosecution, and then determines if there is a need to re-address the existing policies and legal statutes regarding its application. Bibliography lists 35+ sources. Dipimm.wps

United States Nuclear War Policy : This 5 page paper argues against using nuclear weapons to end the threat of chemical and biological warfare. The 1997 situation involving Saddam Hussein is highlighted. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Grm1.rtf

Nuclear Tensions Between the U.S. and North Korea : A 20 page paper that presents the nuclear tensions between the United States and North Korea, past and present, and how these tensions have created ongoing economic sanctions against North Korea in the present, despite provisions of the Framework Agreement. This paper postulates a stalemate between the two countries and provides the reasons behind those stalemates. Bibliography lists 20 sources. Nkorea.wps

Civil Rights Violations in Burma : A 6 page paper describing the social and political ramifications of the civil rights violations currently taking place under the current dictatorship in Burma. The author considers the effects of these violations in regards to ethnicity, religion, and the economic status of companies currently doing business in Burma. Because of the current political climate and the effects that brutal troops have on the social climate, many foreign companies have decided to pull out of Burma. But this transition, along with proposed US sanctions, could have very negative effects on the citizens of Burma. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Burma.wps

US / China Economic Relations : A 10 page paper research paper discussing the present status of US/China economic relations and considering past and present indicators that could impact the future of Sino-American trade. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Uschina.wps

U.S. Financial Foreign Policy and China : A 20 page research paper examining much of the phenomenal growth of China’s economy. There are three basic sections: overall Trade Policy, Foreign Investment Policy and Foreign Exchange Rate Policy. The trade policy section lightly discusses the WTO, of which China is not a member, but deals extensively with the ever-intense issue of renewing China’s Most Favored Nation status. The United States has growing numbers of business concerns within China’s borders, as some of our largest companies seek to take advantage of some of the lowest production costs in the world. Similarly, Taiwan has made the same sort of investment in China’s economy. As U.S. trade deficits show us reaching more of a balance with Taiwan, it is only a paper balance—many of the Taiwan products we import are actually produced now in China, and are called Chinese. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Chinapol.wps

U.S. Imperialism & Japan : A 5 page paper that provides an overview of post-1945 imperialism in Japan. This paper demonstrates the reasons for US imperialism, the influences that the US involvement had on Japan and the relationship that developed. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Usimp.wps

The Trade Conflict Between Japan and the United States : An in-depth, 10 page look at the sources and outcomes of U.S. trade conflict with Japan in modern history. Japantra.wps

Ending the Trade Conflict with Japan : 10 page report that provides an overview of the history, causes, and possible solutions to the United State's trade conflicts with Japan (as they specifically relate to the auto industry). Bibliography lists 12 sources. Japanaut.wps

Trading with Japan : A 6 page analysis of the Clinton administration's efforts to improve U.S. trade relations with Japan. The writer assesses all sides of the issue and proposes some degree of mutually-beneficial compromise between the two countries. Bibliography lists 5 supporting sources. Japanust.wps

The Mexican Peso Crisis and Clinton's Bailout Plan : A 4 page look at the Mexican Peso crisis of the 1990's and some of the factors concerning President Bill Clinton's decision to bail Mexico out. A good overview of economic reasons for the devaluation of the Peso is provided and Clinton's plan is criticized based upon available economic research. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Peso.wps

The Mexican Peso Crisis / Did the U.S. Exhibit a Newfound Isolationism ? : In this 5 page essay, the writer examines what U.S. actions (or lack thereof) in responses to the Peso crisis might suggest about our post-Cold War foreign policy. The role of Congress, the President, and various other political factors are assessed. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Peso2.wps

The Mexican Peso Crisis / Evaluation of Problem & Possible Solutions : This comprehensive 7 page overview provides a complete economic discussion of the Peso crisis in Mexico (1990's) and some of its implications. The writer discusses Mexico's markets of change, faltering economy, and lack of stability. A number of alternatives are presented and evaluated-- with recommendations being made for the best one. The paper concludes with an overview of methods to control the Peso's value. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Pesocase.wps

NAFTA And The Transportation & Logistics Industry : A 9 page paper on this topic. The writer explores how NAFTA has impacted the railway and trucking industries, and affected trade with Mexico. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Naftatra.wps

Domestic Terrorism : A 17 page paper that provides an overview of domestic terrorism. This paper demonstrates that while current numbers of acts of domestic terrorism are decreasing, the magnitude and impacts of the acts that do occur are causing signficant loss of life and injury. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Domterr.wps

The First Amendment and Terrorism : A 14 page paper that provides an overview of the issues related to applying First Amendment rights to freedom of speech and religion to organized terrorism. Bibliography lists 8 sources. 1amterr.wps

Terrorism & Terrorist Activity : In this 11 page research paper, the writer examines terrorist activity, frequency, statistics, etc; The paper focuses upon specific instances of terrorism and state, U.S., & World Policy towards terrorism in general. Counter-terrorism is explored as are methods being used to protect certain key targets. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Terorism.wps

Terrorism vs. The United States Of America : An 8 page paper on terrorist acts against the United States and U.S. policy against terrorism in general. Issues concerning state sponsorship, business as targets, and more are examined. (Similar to Terorism.wps). Bibliography lists 6 sources. Terrv2.wps

The Anti-Terrorism Act Of 1996 : A 7 page paper discussing the U.S. Anti-Terrorism Act of 1996. What are its strengths and what are its weaknesses? Bibliography lists five sources. Antiter.wps

National Security & Constitutional Issues : This 8 page paper looks at the strengths and weaknesses of the American government as they relate to the pursuit of national security objectives. Highlighted is a discussion on scientific data as well as the effect of the Internet on the continuing struggle to achieve a balance between individual rights and the physical and financial well being of the nation. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Natsec.wps

U.S. Foreign Aid in a Changing World : 19 pages in length. Primarily discussed is the changing role of foreign aid in promoting U.S. national interests. It is understood that post-Communist emerging markets and new political ideologies are presenting cause to change our traditional views regarding foreign assistance. A plan is described for the re-allocation of funds based upon relevant statistics, trends, and events cited in the research. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Foreigas.wps

International Policy Objectives : A 5 page essay answering the question of types and numbers of policy instruments necessary to attain the most advantageous position for the US economy, both domestically and internationally. Using Singapore as an example of a blend of a strong central government yet an economy based on totally free entrepreneurism, the paper concludes that (1) the government needs to allow businesses to operate as profitably as possible, with a tax structure that encourages investment, and (2) international trade barriers should be reduced to the lowest level possible. No bibliography. Policy.wps

U.S. International Relations / Trade & The Changing Middle East :
A 7 page research paper in which the writer analyzes changes in the Middle East as they relate to the feasibility of trade in that region. U.S. trade and investment currently plays a critical role in promoting our foreign policy and national security interests in the Middle East. It is argued in this paper that this role has grown in importance as the Middle East peace process continues to move forward.--Some political reasons for this trend are analyzed as well. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Middleea.wps

Negotiating Sytles Of The US & The Kurds : A 5 page paper comparing and contrasting the negotiating styles of the US and the Kurds as they fight to attain autonomy for their country. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Uskurd.wps

North & South Korea / The Danger of Post Cold War Nuclear Arsenals : A 14 page discussion of the post Cold War nuclear threat imposed by Korea and the socio-political events that have made North Korea so especially dangerous. The writer provides an excellent look at international politics and the problems the U.S. has faced with regard to nuclear proliferation. Great attention is paid to detail. Bibliography lists 11 scholarly sources. Korenuke.wps

Nuclear Proliferation & The Importance of U.S. Policy : 16 pages in length. A detailed look at U.S. policy towards nuclear proliferation and how that policy has changed over the years. Emphasized is the fact that we must actually be more cautious now than ever before in the post-Cold War years. Current political issues, supply concerns, fear of nuclear asymmetry, etc; are examined. Proposals for multilateral arms control are assessed and recommendations for preventing the proliferation of nuclear arms in countries such as Iraq are presented. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Nukeprol.wps

The United States & Nuclear Nonproliferation Delay : A 5 page paper on nuclear nonproliferation, which advocates the current course of action taken by the U.S. as specified originally in December 1995 by Thomas McNamara, which is to place technological sanctions on countries purchasing black market nuclear and biochemical weapons and extend nonproliferation under the NPT based on the current unrest by new proliferating states. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Nonnuke.wps

Oil And U.S. Foreign Policy : An 8 page research paper on the historical and current impact of oil in determining U.S. foreign policy. The writer describes the history of oil and its importance to the U.S., the reasons oil impacts policy, and the current situation regarding foreign dependence on oil. Bibliography lists 13 sources. Forepoil.wps

Balancing Domestic and Foreign Policy : A 5 page paper that recommends a balancing of domestic and foreign policy through tax reform and trade policy changes. The paper is based on Joseph Nye's "Bound to Lead," and articles by Robert Reich and Paul Kennedy. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Nye.wps

George Keenan’s "American Diplomacy"/ Foreign Policy : A 5 page paper on the issue of diplomacy and foreign policy within the Untied States. The past is addressed and the information provided is based on notions and thoughts produced by George Kennan’s book titled "American Diplomacy." Being discussed are the policy makers of the past, the wars that required this country’s involvement, and situations, past and present, in relationship to Russia. No additional sources cited. Kennan.wps