RELIGIOUS BELIEF AND JAPANESE LITERATURE
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This 3-page paper points out that religion played a large part in the development of the medieval literature of Japan. Stories involved in proving this point include Tales of Genji and Heike and As I Crossed a Bridge of Dreams. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MTjapareli.rtf

Remembering Japanese Culture
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A 3 page paper comparing US and Japanese culture, from the perspective of a Japanese immigrant. To say there are vast differences between life in Japan and life in the United States is to commit gross understatement. Though many values between the two cultures are quite similar, many habits and perspectives are quite different. The purpose here is for an individual originally from Japan to reflect on likes and dislikes of Asian culture. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: KSimmJapan.rtf

Review of Charles J. Dunn’s text “Everyday Life in Traditional Japan”
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This is a 6 page review of Charles J. Dunn’s work entitled “Everyday Life in Traditional Japan” (1969, 1977). This is a well structured text which tells of life of Tokugawa Japan during the years 1600 to 1850 approximately which Dunn uses as his basis for “traditional” Japan. The text is accompanied by many well crafted illustrations and maps which help in the vivid descriptions of the hierarchical country. Dunn has an easy and concise writing style which makes this text a good source for information about Japan for all senior grade levels. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TJCDunn1.rtf

Rikyu and the Formal Tea Ceremony as Important Aspects of Balance and Conflict in the Film “Rikyu”
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This is a 5 page paper discussing Rikyu and the formal tea ceremony as important aspects of balance and conflict in the film “Rikyu”. In the 1990 film “Rikyu”, the importance of Rikyu and the traditional tea ceremony provide a reflection of the political balance and conflict going on in Japan during the leadership of Emperor Hideyoshi in the late 1500s. Rikyu was the respected tea master at that time and had formed a close alliance with the emperor. The emperor who enjoyed his power and wealth realized the importance of the tea ceremony in the life of Japan and proceeded to organize a large ten day tea festival. Throughout the development of the well orchestrated ceremonies, led by Rikyu, the emperor experienced conflict between the political forces around him, his need for tranquility, his alliance with Rikyu, his desire to invade Korea and the presence of other powerful political men present, such as Ieyasu. When Rikyu and Hideyoshi conflicted on the political aspects of Hideyoshi’s rule, such as the invasion of Korea, and Hideyoshi realized Rikyu’s growing influence in the country, he knew he had to remove Rikyu from the growing threat to his authority and through the ceremony insinuated that Rikyu must commit suicide; which he did to fulfill his commitment to the emperor and retain the balance in the country. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJrikyu1.rtf

Role of Language in Thinking
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A 3 page research paper that examines the relationship between language and critical thinking processes. This research suggests that language diversity enhances the brain's ability to process complex thought, yet also that language, in the form of the written word, serves, to some extent, to set boundaries on thought processes. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khlanct.rtf

Selected History of Japan
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(6 pp) This discussion is prompted by class questions concerning early Japanese religion and history to the United States Occupation Period of World War II.
Filename: BBjaphis.doc

Separatism / A Legacy 1960-1990
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A 6 page paper on how the 1960s led to the separatism of the 1990s. The writer proves, through historical, socioeconomic and political perspectives that 'the revolutionaries of the 1960s are still stranded on the edge of the abyss and scrambling for ways to keep their children from falling in. One or more leaders today haven't the charisma or opportunity, due to media castration, to lead them. Leadership is coming in the form of separatism into various cultures. Just as they were then, the boomers are stuck looking for identity in separatism, and also as they were then, they are the leaders of that revolution.' Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: 60s.rtf

Shinto Shrines and Buddhist Gardens
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A 5 page paper which compares and contrasts Shinto shrines and later Buddhist gardens. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAgardens.wps

Shonagon's 'The Pillow Book' / A Reflection Of Japanese History
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A 14 page research paper on this work by a tenth-century Japanese woman who served as a lady-in-waiting at the Imperial Court. The writer demonstrates how Sie Shonagon's collection of anecdotes, reflections, aesthetic assessments and accounts of courtly life provide a window into life in medieval Japan. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Pillowb.wps

Stories: Japan
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A 4 page paper which provides 4 brief hypothetical/creative stories concerning Japan and the Japanese. No sources cited.
Filename: RAjaai.rtf

Street Crime in Japan and the United States
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This 6 page paper examines crime in Japan and the United States, citing opinions from sociologists as well looking at how media has portrayed crime in each nation. Reasons for crime are examined and the two countries are compared and contrasted in respect to street crime. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA018Jap .wps

Street Crime in Japan and the United States
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This 6 page paper examines crime in Japan and the United States, citing opinions from sociologists as well looking at how media has portrayed crime in each nation. Reasons for crime are examined and the two countries are compared and contrasted in respect to street crime. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA018Jap .rtf

Structural Factors Of Japan Airlines Flight 123
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3 pages in length. Leaving behind a legacy of being the deadliest accident in aviation history involving a single aircraft, Japan Airlines flight 123 cost no fewer than five hundred twenty-two lives as a direct result of structural failure. The 6:12 pm takeoff from Tokyo International Airport put the airliner twelve minutes late; after approximately twelve minutes in the air and ascending to cruising elevation, a series of events occurred - traced back seven years to faulty repair - that caused the plane to careen into a mountain ridge. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCjapan123.rtf

Structures and Images: Japanese Culture
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A 5 page paper which examines some structures and images of the Japanese culture. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: RAjapcul.rtf

Tadao Ando's Water Temple Design
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An 8 page consideration of one of Hyogo Japan's most notable structure. The author explores the design elements incorporated into this structure and contends that the Temple is distinct not just because it exemplifies the difference between Eastern and Western ideas of architecture, but because it blends the eastern and western perspectives. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PParcTmp.rtf

Tea Ceremony
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A 4 page research paper that describes the social and esthetic dimension of the Japanese Tea Ceremony. The serious practitioners of this art develop a particular “mind set and body control” that facilitates them transforming the tension-producing details of everyday life into “moments of beauty, meaningfulness and tranquility” (Keenan 30). Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khtea.rtf

Teaching English Listening Skills to Students in Japan
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This 16 page paper provides an overview of some of the current literature and research studies regarding the use of specific teaching methods for instructing Japanese language speakers in the development of English listening skills. This paper considers some of the major differences in language that have been incorporated into teaching methods, and proposes a research methodology for comparing two specific methods of instruction. Bibliography lists 44 sources.
Filename: MHedujap.wps

Tensions between High Aesthetics Military Tradition in Japan
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This 5 page paper considers the way in which these two aspects of a society have been separated throughout the centuries, creating an alienation between the military and the cultural worlds. The paper looks at the times between the tenth century and the current day to trace this trend. The bibliography cites 6 sources.
Filename: TEjapcul.wps

The 1995 Tokyo Subway Sarin Attack:
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This 4 page paper provides an overview of the 1995 Sarin attack on a Tokyo subway that had devestating results. This paper illustrates the background to the incident as well as a discussion of how officials responded to this attack. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: GSSarinA.rtf

The Body in Contemporary Japanese Art
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A 5 page research paper that discusses contemporary Japanese art, which is a mixture of all of the influences that have come before it, which includes influences from the past and also those of the contemporary era. This factor of Japanese art is particularly evident in regards to how the human body as it is portrayed by Japanese artists. Examining this feature of contemporary Japanese art reveals differing patterns of embodiment. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: khbodjp.rtf

The Bombing of Pearl Harbor: A Japanese Mistake
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A 14 page overview of the events leading up to the Japanese bombing of Pearly Harbor and the long term response of the United States. By bombing Pearl Harbor the Japanese invoked not only the military might of the United States but also her political and economic power. That one act would ensure both the overt and the covert hostilities of the United States for the next six decades. Pearl Harbor ensured Japan's defeat militarily, politically, and economically. Although she eventually overcame the economic, and indeed even the political, annoyances hurled by the United States, the United States proved to be the most formidable enemy Japan ever faced. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPwwIIJp.wps

The Changing Status of Japanese Women
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This 19 page research paper examines the role of Japanese women in their society and how that role has changed since the conclusion of World War II. Article 14 of the Japanese constitution was a major landmark in helping to improve conditions for women and various other laws & events have helped to increase women's participation rights..yet Japanese society still clings to tradition in several key respects.. Bibliography lists 15 comprehensive sources.
Filename: japwom2.wps

The Chinese and Japanese Bureaucracies
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This 3 page paper briefly compares the Japanese and Chinese bureaucracies. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: HVchjpbu.rtf

The Commercial Environment in Japan
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This 8 page paper considers the commercial environment in Japan. The paper looks at factors such as the economic conditions, competitive structures and the influence of the keiretsu, banking and employment relations as well as sources of efficiency and the general infrastructure of the country. The bibliography cites 12 sources.
Filename: TEjapanc.rtf

The Development of China and Japan Compared
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This 3 page paper examines the growth of both countries between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries. Reasons why they have embraced the Great Transformation differently are examined. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: SA640Asa.rtf

The Development of Chinese, Japanese and Indian Culture
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This 3 page paper looks at the development of these three cultures and compares and contrasts them. Specifics of the modern states are relayed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA543Asa.rtf

The East Asian Miracle – World Bank Group
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A summary and analysis of several sections of the World Bank Group publication, the East Asian Miracle, which looks at the reasons why the eight high performing Asian economies were so successful in their economic growth and development between the 1960s and the 1990s. Bibliography lists one source.
Filename: JLasiaecon.rtf

The Economy of Japan
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This 5 page paper looks at the overall economic conditions and trends in Japan. The paper considers the GDP, inflation, trading supplies, inward and outward investment, interest rates, money supply, exchange rates and unemployment. The bibliography cites 6 sources.
Filename: TEjapan1.wps

The Effect Of The 1790 Naturalization Act On The Japanese
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A 3 page paper that discuses the Naturalization Act of 1790 and its effect on the Japanese population. This act decreed that only whites could become naturalized citizens. Takaki's book is used as a basis. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PG1790.rtf

The Effects of Bushido on Japanese Culture
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This 6 page paper examines Bushido and how it has affected Japanese culture over time. The military is a decided focus. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA745Jap.rtf

The Emperors of China and Japan
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This 9 page paper considers the different roles of the emperors of China and Japan in promoting or inhibiting programs for political and social change. This paper looks at the period between the mid-19th century through the end of World War II and considers the different culture/ideological elements in the societies of China and Japan in order to consider the function of the emperors in both of these countries. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: MHchijap.wps

The Future of the Pax Nipponica
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9 pages in length. The author reviews the fact that it is unlikely that there will be a Pax Nipponica in the near future. This is largely due to the fact that the United States hegemon was purported to be in decline; however this statement is a bit premature as the United States still wields much power. It is not likely a Pax Nipponica could occur at this time. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: JGApaxnp.wps

The History of Japanese – Western Relations from 1400 to 1700
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This is a 5 page paper discussing Japanese foreign relations with the West between the years 1400 and 1700. The years from 1400 to 1700 in Japan covered three Japanese historical periods: the Muromachi Period (1333-1573); the Azuchi-Momoyama Period (1573-1603); and, the Edo Period (1603-1867) which also included the great eras of the Shogun. While these centuries are generally not known for their great developments in international trade for Japan, there were certain instances in which Chinese and Western trade and influences and relations were introduced into Japan. During the mid 16th century, the Japanese greatly valued Portuguese weaponry which played a large factor in the ongoing warlord conflicts. By the late 16th century, foreign relations and trade had also been established with Britain, Spain and the Dutch who were as interested in the Japanese artisan goods as were the Japanese interested in goods imported from the Americas such as tobacco and sweet potatoes among other goods. Through the relations established with the English, Western shipbuilding and navigation tools were also of great value. During the mid-17th century however, shogun Iemitsu wanted to strengthen Japan by eliminating foreign influence which included further restrictions on Christianity, which had been introduced by the missionaries in the 1500s, a ban on travel outside of Japan, expulsion of foreign trade merchants and a ban on European literature among other restrictions thereby decreasing foreign trade and relations with the West. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: TJJapEu1.rtf

The Impact of Globalization on Japanese National Identity: Can Japan Transcend the Nation-State?
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This is a 12 page paper discussing the state of the Japanese national identity during the era of globalization. In the first thirty years after the second World War, Japan enjoyed a growing and successful economy within the structure of the nation state. Up until the 1970s and early 1980s, the positive economy also promoted a strong positive national identity within Japan. The Japanese economy “bubble” burst however after the introduction of the free market economy initiated by the U.S. and Britain in the 1980s. In the mid-1990s, the Japanese economy and its identity seemed to be in a national crisis when both the future of the economy and the national identity seemed to be in question. Since the end of the Japanese nation state, there have been several economic, educational and immigration solutions which have been considered which not only address the need to stabilize the economy within the era of increased globalization but also address the need for the maintenance and strengthening of the national identity as well. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TJJapan1.rtf

The Impact of Japanese Economic Policies and Indecisions Regarding Defaulted Bank Loans
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This is a 5 page paper discussing recent economic policies in Japan and their impact defaulted bank loans. Japan’s backlog of bad loans has reached well over U.S. $421 billion and the Bank of Japan (BOJ), Japan’s current Prime Minister Koizumi and Financial Affairs Minister Takenaka seemed to have only recently realized Japan’s financial crisis yet are hesitating on action which may cause an increase in the deflation rate. Three years ago, the bank loan problems were considered third in regards to the economic instability in Japan while today they are considered as one of the major problems. Many of the problems have involved short term economic policies by Japan which have enabled them to narrowly avert economic downturns over the last three years. Critics have found however that many of the policies were actually deceptive in that they included pay off schemes from one government office, the Resolution Collection Corporation into the Bank of Japan when reported loss of loans. These short terms government policies have led to taxpayer deception, constant criticisms and accusations of using scapegoats within the government. A new found hesitation to implement action regarding defaulted bank loans has led to further negative effects in the international investment community. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TJJapec1.rtf

The Impact of the Industrialized Nations on the Developing World in the Twentieth Century
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An 8 page overview of the impact the industrialized world, specifically the U.S. and eastern European powers, has exerted on Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPindWrl.rtf

The Influence of Confucianism in China and Japan
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This 6 page paper looks at several questions, presented by a student, in respect to Confucianism and other aspects of Chinese and Japanese history. Leaders from both Japan and China are compared and contrasted and Confucianism is discussed in depth. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: SA146con.rtf

The Influence of Yukichi Fukuzawa
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5 pages in length. Fukuzawa Yukichi was not only the founder of Keio University, but he is considered by many to be one of the first experts on the West in modern Japan and as such, he is frequently looked upon as having played an important role in the modernization of late 19th-century Japan. Fukuzawa Yukichi firmly believed that every man could benefit from education. He felt that only when the Japanese people were able to stand independently would the Japanese nation be able to be free of the influence of Western powers. Based on his autobiography. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: JGAfukuz.wps

The Injustices of World War II: Japanese American Internment and Atomic Bombs
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A 3 page consideration of these aspects of the horrors of World War II. “Farewell to Manzanar” is used for insight into this time. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPwwIIjapaneseInternment.rtf

The Japanese Banking Crisis
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17 pages. Describes the Japanese banking system and the fact that the Japanese keiretsu system has been accused of having had at least a partial involvement with regard to the instigation of the economic crisis, placing them in a precarious position. The writer discusses the components of the Asian economic crisis, as well as demonstrates how the keiretsu system has contributed to the problem. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: JGAjpeco.rtf